How to Plant Trees in Autumn

Autumn is the perfect season for planting trees. The soil is still warm from summer, rainfall is increasing, and trees are beginning to enter dormancy - all of which create ideal conditions for strong root establishment. Whether you’re adding structure to your garden or starting a small orchard, planting in autumn gives your trees the best possible start.

Why Autumn is the Best Time to Plant Trees

Between October and April, trees are dormant, meaning they can be transplanted with less stress. During this time, roots can begin to establish before winter sets in, ready to fuel healthy growth when spring arrives.

Avoid planting in frozen or waterlogged soil, as this can damage delicate new roots and hinder establishment. Aim for mild, frost-free days when the ground is workable.

Choosing the Right Trees

Selecting the right tree for your space is one of the most important decisions. Choose species suited to your soil type, climate, and garden size.

• Native and broadleaf trees, such as oak (Quercus robur), silver birch (Betula pendula), and hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna), are resilient choices that support UK biodiversity.
• Container-grown trees can technically be planted all year, but autumn planting reduces watering needs and transplant stress.
• If space is limited, consider ornamental or dwarf fruit trees, which add colour and seasonal interest without overwhelming small gardens.

Preparing the Planting Site

A little preparation makes all the difference. Choose a site with good sunlight, drainage, and room for the tree’s mature size - avoiding close proximity to buildings, paving, or other roots.

1. Clear the area of weeds, grass, or debris.
2. Dig a hole roughly the depth of the root ball but about three times as wide, so new roots can spread easily.
3. For bare-root trees, soak the roots in water for 30 minutes before planting to rehydrate them. Need more bare root planting tips? Read our guide: How to plant bare root trees.
4. For container-grown trees, gently loosen any compacted or circling roots before planting.

How to Plant a Tree

Positioning the Tree

Place the tree in the hole so that the root flare (where the trunk begins to widen into roots) sits level with the soil surface. Avoid planting too deeply - this can suffocate roots and lead to poor growth.

Refilling the Hole

Backfill with the excavated soil, breaking up large clods and firming gently around the roots. Don’t stamp down heavily, as compacted soil can restrict drainage.

Water Well

Give the tree a generous drink after planting. Moisture helps the soil settle and removes air pockets around the roots.

Protecting and Caring for Your New Tree

After planting, your tree will need a bit of aftercare to help it establish successfully.

• Mulch: Spread a 5-8 cm layer of bark chips, compost, or other organic mulch around the base, keeping it clear of the trunk. This helps conserve moisture, reduce weeds, and regulate soil temperature.
• Staking: Young or top-heavy trees may need staking. Use one or two stakes positioned securely and attach with a soft tie that allows some movement - this helps strengthen the trunk.
• Protection: If rabbits or deer are common in your area, install tree guards or spirals to protect the trunk.
• Watering: Even though rainfall increases in autumn, water regularly during dry spells. Continue this care through the first growing season to help roots establish.

Spacing Guidelines

Correct spacing ensures trees have enough room to develop without competing for light, nutrients, or water.

• For garden trees, allow around 2-3 metres between each one.
• For hedging, spacing can be closer -roughly 30-50 cm apart, depending on the desired density.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Planting too deep - the root flare should always be visible at soil level.
• Ignoring weeds - competition for water can stress young trees.
• Overwatering - ensure the soil is moist but not saturated.
• Skipping mulch - bare soil dries quickly and encourages weeds.

Final Thoughts From Mail Order Trees

Planting trees in autumn is one of the most rewarding garden projects you can undertake. With the right preparation and care, your new trees will establish strong roots over winter and burst into healthy growth come spring.

Whether you’re adding structure, creating privacy, or supporting wildlife, autumn is the perfect planting season. Just make sure you wrap up!

Frequently Asked Questions

When is the best time to plant trees in the UK?

The best time to plant is between October and April, when trees are dormant and the soil is moist but not frozen.

Can I plant container-grown trees in summer?

Yes, but autumn and early spring are easier for maintenance as they require less watering.

Do all trees need staking?

Not always. Only stake if the tree is tall, top-heavy, or in an exposed position.

How long should I water a newly planted tree?

Water regularly for at least the first growing season, ensuring the root zone stays consistently moist.

What’s the best mulch for trees?

Organic mulch such as bark chips or compost works best, helping retain moisture and suppress weeds.